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知识产权服务

作者：Samuel Sri Kurnia 日期：16/07/2022
作者的观点完全是他们自己的，不一定反映Putranto Alliance的观点。

知识产权（IPR）为知识产权所有者提供了注册其作品的自由。建议权利人要求法律保护。在全球竞争的规模中，知识产权在确保通过创新获得投资回报方面发挥着关键作用，对于不断发展的企业（中小型企业）向印度尼西亚等国的发展中市场扩张至关重要。

了解知识产权如何使不断增长的企业受益至关重要，因为它们通常拥有有限的资源。侵权是处理海外业务中最常见的问题之一。它往往会导致收入、声誉和在外国和国内核心市场的竞争优势的损失。积极主动的措施将应对这些威胁，以保护知识产权并阻止潜在的侵权者。

通过这项服务，我们为商标初步调查、知识产权问题咨询、商业秘密、商标、版权和专利权的注册及其维护提供帮助。此外，我们确保您在正确的班级注册，并定期跟进正在进行的注册。

什么是知识产权？

根据世界知识产权组织（WIPO）的说法，知识产权是指涉及发明、文学、艺术作品、设计、符号和其他形式的知识产权的思想创造。随着时间的推移，知识产权已经发展成新的形式，如地理标志、声音商标、三维商标和全息图。随着商业和技术的进步，他们越来越受到认可。这些知识资产可以为公司带来收入，但同时也承担被他人窃取或滥用的潜在风险。

为了充分保护知识产权，资产所有者必须获得其知识产权（Hak Kekayaan Intelektual，HAKI）。权利是从人类思想的结果中获得的为社区生产有用产品、服务或过程的权利。知识产权中规定的客体是由人类智力产生的作品。因此，可以得出这样的结论：知识产权是在经济上享有知识创造成果的权利。

印度尼西亚的知识产权法授予知识产权所有人使用其知识产权的专属权利，或授予其他方使用这些知识产权的许可证。知识产权法的许可条款没有具体规定知识产权的实施可能与反垄断法律法规相冲突的情况。印度尼西亚的知识产权法只提供了一般性规定。许可协议不应包含直接或间接损害印尼经济、阻碍印尼人民掌握和开发技术的能力或与印尼法律法规、道德或公共秩序相矛盾的条款。

Types of Intellectual Property

Intellectual property (IP) is the heart of innovation and a knowledge-based economy. Indonesia has a complete set of laws in the field of intellectual property, namely:

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 20 of 2016 regarding Copyright and Geographical Indication;
The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 19 of 2002 regarding Copyright;
The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 14 of 2001 regarding Patent;
The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 15 of 2001 regarding Trademark;
The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 29 of 2000 regarding Protection of Plant Variety;
The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 30 of 2000 regarding Trade Secret;
The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 31 of 2000 regarding Industrial Design; and
The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 32 of 2000 on Layout Design Of Integrated Circuits.

The above laws, except Law Number 29 of 2000 regarding the Protection of Plant Variety, are administered by the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. Law Number 29 of 2000 is administered by the Center for the Protection of Plant Variety of the Ministry of Agriculture.

Copyright

Copyright is automatically activated as soon as the work has been created. However, in order to ease the proof of the ownership of a work, the work can be filed in the Indonesian Copyright Office. For the following subjects, copyright is effective for the lifetime of the author until 50 years after their death:
- Books, pamphlets, and all other written works;
- Dramas, musical dramas, dances, choreographic works;
- All forms of art, such as paintings, engravings, and sculptures;
- Batik arts;
- Songs or music with or without lyrics;
- Architecture;
- Sermons, lecturers, addresses, and other works of utterance;
- Visual aids for educational and scientific purposes;
- Map; and
- Translations, interpretations, adaptations, anthologies.
For the following subject matter, the term of protection is 50 years as of the first publication:
- Computer programs;
- Cinematographic works;
- Photographic works;
- Data-bases; and
- Works resulting from adaptations.
Copyright is protected based on its creator for an additional 70 years. An actor or the recording producer of the copyright has 50 years from the first time a work is publicly demonstrated. A broadcasting institution has 20 years since the initial showing of the work.

Geographical Indication

This type of intellectual property consists of an indication that identifies goods and/or a product as originating from a particular region in which its geographical environment factors, including nature, labor, or a combination of both factors, are attributable to a given reputation, quality, and characteristics of the produced goods and/or product. Geographical Indications are protected as long as the reputation, quality, and characteristics that are the basis for protecting Geographical Indications are maintained.
Patent

Indonesia grants patents for novel inventions that contain an inventive step and are industrially applicable. The term of protection is 20 years. A simple patent may be granted for new products with practical use. The term of protection for these is 10 years. The publication takes place after the formalities examination has been completed. The application will be published for six months, during which period any interested third party may file an opposition. The cost of registering a patent is around 5-10 million rupiah.
Geographical Indication

The right of a mark provides a monopoly to the owner of the mark to use it or grant permission to another party to use it. In order to meet the requirements for trademark registration, the mark must have distinguishing features and have no direct reference to the character or quality of the goods or services.

The term of protection for a registered mark is 10 years as of the filing date. The term can be extended for the same duration within 12 months before the expiry of the protection period. The total cost of registering a trademark is around 1 million Indonesian rupiah.
Plant Variety Protection Filing

Indonesia has recently begun granting plant variety protection rights (PVP). A PVP right is the right to use a plant variety to the exclusion of unauthorized third parties and/or the right to grant licenses for a third party to use the plant variety. PVP can be granted in respect of new varieties of plant species that are distinct, uniform, stable, and named/labeled. The term of PVP is 20 years for annual/seasonal plants and 25 years for perennial plants.
Trade Secrets

A Trade Secret is information about technology and/or business unknown to the public. The information should also possess economic value due to its use in trade, and the owner should keep the secrecy.

According to Article 2 of the Trade Secret Law, the following points qualify to be considered as Trade Secrets:
- Production method;
- Processing method;
- Sales method;
- Other information in the field of technology or business;
- Has economic value; and
- Unknown to public.
Trade secrets have enjoyed express protection in Indonesia since December 2000, as long as they follow these three specific criteria:
- The information is confidential;
- Has real or potential economic value; and
- Necessary measures have been taken to protect its secrecy.

Industrial Design

The philosophy behind the industrial design system in Indonesia is to create a conducive climate for the creations and innovations of the people in the field of industrial design as a part of the intellectual property rights system. Designs contrary to the prevailing laws and regulations, public order, religion, or morality cannot be registered in Indonesia.

The term of protection for a registered industrial design in Indonesia is 10 years as of the filing date. Industrial Design Protection Period Holders of industrial design rights have the exclusive right to exercise their rights and prohibit others without their consent from making, using, selling, importing, exporting, and/or distributing related products.
Layout Design of Integrated Circuits (Desain Tata Letak Sirkuit Terpadu / DTLST)

An integrated circuit is a product in the form of finished or semi-finished, in which there are various elements. At least one of these elements is an active, partly or entirely interconnected, and integrally formed in a semiconductor material intended to result in electronic function. Registered DTLST gets legal protection for 10 years from the first commercial exploitation of DTLST or the date of receipt of the registration application.

Why Do You Need to Register Your Intellectual Properties?

Registering a company’s trademark doesn’t guarantee it is entirely safe. Hence, using ® or ™ in your trademark to affirm to the public that the company’s trademark is registered is another good way to avoid any infringements on it.

A company is not obliged or required to obtain permission to use this symbol. The ® symbol is used after the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights issues the trademark certificate, and the ™ is for an approved trademark that has not formally been registered yet.

In Indonesia, trademark registration applies nationally. If a trademark isn’t used for 3-5 years from the registration date, the certificate will be revoked, and holders will lose their rights to the trademark.

The Indonesian government is revising the Indonesian Trademark Act, which the Madrid Protocol will supersede by the end of 2015. Under the Madrid Protocol, foreign applicants can register their trademark in one application, one language, with one single office, one set of fees, and one currency. With this registration process, Indonesia will still have the right to decide whether to protect the proposed trademark or not.

Since piracy is prevalent in every country, patenting your goods and services with a trademark is the best choice you can make for your business. It is important to register your trademark with authority because of the following benefits:

Exclusive Right and Advantage at The Court

If you find an individual or a company using your trademark without your permission, you can sue them in court. Trademark registration will protect your brand from infringement. Having a trademark certificate means you have real evidence that you are the rightful owner of the trademark used by other parties.
Added Value to Your Business

A registered trademark is intellectual property, meaning your trademark is a valuable tradable commodity. You can sell, license, or franchise your trademark should you want to. A trademark also serves as a brand of your business. Your potential customers can quickly identify your business immediately among competitors. Your trademark tells your business, your products or services, and the value you stand for. A trademark is usually leveraged as part of branding and marketing strategies.
Immediate Infrigement Actions

Online infringement can be spotted easily and quickly. In case of online infringement, you can ask the website owner to take your trademark down as you have proof that you have registered your trademark.

注册知识产权的步骤

要在印度尼西亚完成商标注册流程，请执行以下步骤：

寻找知识产权顾问

外国申请人必须通过当地顾问办理商标注册，并签署授权委托书和权利声明。
进行研究以确保遵守商标条例

例如，确保您的商标不具有与已注册商标类似的基本特征，也不与道德、宗教信仰或公共秩序相矛盾。
检查所有要求并提交申请

管理局将进行商标注册程序，包括正式审查、实质审查和公告。

如果您的申请获得批准，世界知识产权组织（WIPO）印度尼西亚分会将您的商标添加到他们的名单中。整个申请过程，直到被批准或拒绝，需要12到24个月的时间。您的商标有效期为10年，可以续期。

我们如何提供帮助

知识产权法保护原始创造和创新不被窃取。知识产权有四种类型：商业秘密、商标、版权和专利权。在某些情况下，客户需要获得其中一项以上的权利才能获得保护。为了有效地保护客户的创意，在产品投放市场之前，请考虑保护客户创意/创作的知识产权。

我们的认证知识产权助理协助进行初步商标调查、知识产权问题咨询、商业秘密、商标、版权和专利权的注册及其维护。我们确保客户在正确的班级注册，并定期跟进正在进行的注册。在需要时，我们可以代表客户进行谈判，或在发生知识产权相关争议时执行必要的法律程序。

References

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 20 of 2016 regarding Copyright and Geographical Indication

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 14 of 2001 regarding Patent

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 15 of 2001 regarding Trademark

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 29 of 2000 regarding Protection of Plant Variety

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 30 of 2000 regarding Trade Secret

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 31 of 2000 regarding Industrial Design

The Law of Republic Indonesia Number 32 of 2000 on Layout Design Of Integrated Circuits

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